What does the half moon at the base of the nails mean?

Changes to watch for, but don’t overdo it
If you notice that the lunula is taking up more space than usual—to the point of occupying more than a third of the nail—it may warrant a little attention. Some see this as an indirect sign of hyperthyroidism, hypertension, or even cardiovascular stress. However, this phenomenon must affect several fingers and be long-lasting.

A lunula that seems to disappear completely? It could indicate chronic fatigue, a lack of iron, or vitamin B12. But again, be careful: it’s best not to jump to conclusions based on a single nail.