Research suggests two indirect mechanisms by which this can affect the brain:
Nutrient Malabsorption: Stomach acid is essential for the absorption of crucial vitamins and minerals, notably Vitamin B12 and magnesium. B12 deficiency is a known cause of reversible cognitive impairment and nerve damage. Chronic PPI use can lead to slow, steady depletion of this vital nutrient.
Gut-Brain Axis Disruption: By altering the stomach’s acidic environment, PPIs change the composition of the gut microbiome. The gut and the brain are intrinsically linked (the gut-brain axis), and changes in gut bacteria have been increasingly correlated with mood disorders and neurodegenerative conditions like Alzheimer’s disease.
